{"id":356,"date":"2007-12-28T04:54:00","date_gmt":"2007-12-27T20:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/go2world.org\/?p=356"},"modified":"2010-01-08T21:10:20","modified_gmt":"2010-01-08T13:10:20","slug":"%e5%8c%85%e8%b1%aa%e6%96%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/?p=356","title":{"rendered":"\u5305\u8c6a\u65af"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5fb7\u56fd\u9b4f\u739b\u5e02\u7684 \u201c\u516c\u7acb\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5b66\u6821\u201d\uff08Staatliches Bauhaus)\u7684\u7b80\u79f0,\u540e\u6539\u79f0\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff08Hochschule fur Gestaltung\uff09\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\u4ecd\u6cbf\u79f0\u201c<strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af<\/strong>\u201d\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/0tao.men\/\u5305\u8c6a\u65af.php\">\u5305\u8c6a\u65af<\/a>\u662f\u5fb7\u8bedBauhaus\u7684\u8bd1\u97f3\uff0c\u7531\u5fb7\u8bedHausbau\uff08\u623f\u5c4b\u5efa\u7b51\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u5012\u7f6e\u800c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4e3a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6d3e\u522b\u2014\u2014\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u9002\u5e94\u73b0\u4ee3\u5927\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bb2\u6c42\u5efa\u7b51\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4e00\u8bcd\u53c8\u6307\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>W.\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af1919\u5e74\u4efb\u9b4f\u739b\u5b9e\u7528\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6821\u540c\u9b4f\u739b\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e13\u95e8\u7814\u7a76\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u65e5\u7528\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u53d6\u540d\u201c\u516c\u7acb\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5b66\u6821\u201d\uff0c\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u62c5\u4efb\u6821\u957f\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6559\u5e08\u9635\u5bb9\u6574\u9f50\uff0c\u4eba\u624d\u8f88\u51fa\u30021925\u5e74\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0a\u540c\u5f53\u5730\u540d\u6d41\u53d1\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u8fc1\u81f3\u5fb7\u7ecd\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u9662\u201d\u30021928\uff5e1930\u5e74\u745e\u58eb\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08H.\u8fc8\u8036\u4efb\u9662\u957f\uff0c1930\uff5e1932\u5e74L.\u5bc6\u65af\u00b7\u8303\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u7f57\u4efb\u9662\u957f\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4e8e1932\u5e74\u8fc1\u67cf\u6797,\u4e0d\u4e45\u505c\u529e\u3002\u6559\u5e08\u5927\u591a\u6d41\u5f80\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u89c2\u70b9\u968f\u4e4b\u4f20\u64ad\u56db\u65b9\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea6\u4e3a\u6b27\u7f8e\u8bb8\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u6240\u91c7\u7eb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u63d0\u5021\u5ba2\u89c2\u5730\u5bf9\u5f85\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c,\u5728\u521b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ee5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u4e3b,\u5e76\u4e14\u731b\u70c8\u6279\u5224\u590d\u53e4\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5b83\u4e3b\u5f20\u65b0\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9488\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u5168\u9762\u8ba4\u8bc6\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5904\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u8868\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u72b9\u5982\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b,\u5305\u7f57\u4e07\u8c61,\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6280\u827a\u5438\u6536\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u827a\u672f\u3002\u5b83\u5f3a\u8c03\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u3001\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u3001\u753b\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5411\u5de5\u827a\uff1b\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u8f66\u95f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u540c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u8bba\u6559\u5b66\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff1b\u5b66\u751f\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u624b\u773c\u5e76\u7528\uff0c\u52b3\u4f5c\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u667a\u529b\u8bad\u7ec3\u5e76\u8fdb\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u8d85\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u624d\u5e72\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u96c6\u4f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u6253\u8d25\u827a\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u85e9\u7bf1\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u3002<br \/>\n2\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u6253\u7834\u827a\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u65e9\u6210\u7684\u6f2b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5fc3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u548c\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3002<br \/>\n3\u3001\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u827a\u672f\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4ece\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u827a\u672f\u578b\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u7406\u5de5\u578b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u6765\u4e86<br \/>\n4\u3001\u628a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u5411\u6d41\u4e8e\u201c\u521b\u4f5c\u5916\u578b\u201d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u91cd\u5fc3\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u201c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u73a9\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5f0a\u75c5\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u771f\u6b63\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b9\u4fbf\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u7f8e\u89c2\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u7840\u3002<br \/>\n5\u3001\u5728\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bb6\u4ea8\u5229\u3002\u51e1\u3002\u5fb7\u3002\u5a01\u5c14\u5fb7\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5982\u91d1\u3001\u6728\u3001\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u7eba\u7ec7\u3001\u6444\u5f71\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n6\u3001\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u201c\u57fa\u7840\u8bfe\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4ee5\u524d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u57fa\u7840\u8bfe\u4e4b\u8bbe\u7684\u30021920\u5e74\u7531\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u91cd\u8981\u6559\u5458\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5c3c\u3002\u4f0a\u987f\u521b\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5b97\u65e8:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u786e\u7acb\u5efa\u7b51\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bba\u575b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>\u628a\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u827a\u672f\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u524a\u5f31\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5212\u5206\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>\u54cd\u5e94\u4e861907\u5e74\u5efa\u4e8e\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u7684\u201c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u540c\u76df\u7684\u4fe1\u6761\uff0c\u5373\u201d\u901a\u8fc7\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u5bb6\u548c\u624b\u5de5\u4e1a\u8005\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u800c\u6539\u8fdb\u5de5\u4e1a\u5236\u54c1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cBauHaus\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u7531\u5fb7\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u201dbauen\u201d\u5efa\u7b51\u548c\u540d\u8bcd\u201chaus\u201d\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u4e3a\u5efa\u7b51\u800c\u8bbe\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u201d\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5176\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u54cd:<br \/>\n\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e5f\u6700\u5177\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u827a\u672f\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5b83\u662f\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5b83\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5728\u827a\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u65e0\u53ef\u8fa9\u9a73\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u827a\u672f\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u6280\u672f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u53bb\u751a\u8fdc\u7684\u95e8\u7c7b\u89c1\u642d\u5efa\u6865\u6881\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22,\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5411:\u2460\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4eba\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u2461\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u5ba2\u89c2\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6cd5\u5219\u3002\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u98ce\u683c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u719f\u3001\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6559\u5b66\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u7531\u827a\u672f\u548c\u6280\u672f\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5176\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4f53\u5236\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5de5\u5382\u5b66\u5f92\u5236\u201d,\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u201c\u5b66\u5f92\u5de5\u201d,\u62c5\u4efb\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u79f0\u201c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bfc\u5e08\u201d,\u62c5\u4efb\u6280\u672f\u3001\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u5236\u4f5c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u79f0\u201c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u5e08\u5085\u201d,\u6bcf\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\u90fd\u7531\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6559\u5e08\u5171\u540c\u62c5\u8d1f,\u5b66\u6821\u8fd8\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u6728\u5de5\u3001\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u7f16\u7ec7\u548c\u5370\u5237\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4,\u4f9b\u5b66\u751f\u5b9e\u4e60,\u4f7f\u5176\u517c\u5177\u827a\u672f\u548c\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5e73\u9762\u6784\u6210\u3001\u7acb\u4f53\u6784\u6210\u4e0e\u8272\u5f69\u6784\u6210\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb,\u5e76\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u30021923\u5e748-9\u6708\u95f4,\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65b0\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u3002\u5e08\u751f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u8457\u540d\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08,\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u6d3b\u52a8,\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e86\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u60f3,\u5e76\u5c06\u6b27\u6d32\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fd0\u52a8\u63a8\u5411\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002\u5f53\u65f6,\u683c\u7f57\u4f69\u4e4c\u65af\u4f5c\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u8bba\u7efc\u5408\u827a\u672f\u201d\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300b\u3002\u5176\u540e,\u4ed6\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u4e0a\u53c8\u4f5c\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u6539\u9769,\u628a\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fc5\u4fee\u8bfe,\u4f7f\u6559\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u5411\u7740\u66f4\u52a0\u7406\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55,\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5e94\u5927\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u53f3\u7ffc\u653f\u6cbb\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3,1925\u5e743\u6708,\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u8fc1\u81f3\u5fb7\u9a9a\u5e02,\u5f00\u59cb\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u30021926\u5e74,\u5176\u6821\u540d\u53c8\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u9662\u201d\u7684\u9644\u540d,\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u6559\u5b66\u4e0d\u518d\u7531\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bfc\u5e08\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u5e08\u5085\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u884c,\u800c\u662f\u8058\u8bf7\u6280\u672f\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u5de5\u5320\u534f\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6447\u7bee,\u5176\u6240\u63d0\u5021\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u3001\u7406\u6027\u5316\u548c\u5355\u7eaf\u3001\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u4ee5\u51e0\u4f55\u9020\u578b\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u98ce\u683c,\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u98ce\u683c,\u5bf920\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u542f\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f20\u627f\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u5fb7\u56fd\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u5bf9\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u6027\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u5b66\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6559\u5b66\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u670d\u52a1\uff1b\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\uff1b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e3a\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u81ea\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u88ab\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u91c7\u7eb3\u3002\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6559\u80b2\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u7d20\u8d28\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7d20\u8d28\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9762\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u66f4\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u6025\u9700\u7684\u5408\u683c\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7d20\u517b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u638c\u63e1\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5b9e\u529b\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e02\u573a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e66\u5446\u5b50\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7efc\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u590d\u5408\u578b\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u6216\u8005\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u7406\u5e94\u7531\u5b66\u6821\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u4e1a\u4ee3\u66ff\u5b66\u6821\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u4e1a\u53eb\u82e6\u4e0d\u8fed\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u57f9\u8bad\u57fa\u5730\u548c\u4eba\u624d\u50a8\u5907\u5e93\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53c8\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u4e1a\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u5347\u6e29\uff0c\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b65\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u9ad8\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u91c7\u53d6\u9ad8\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6559\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u65f6\u4ee3\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6559\u5b66\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e2\u7b26\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u5bf9\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53c8\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u827a\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6240\u771f\u6b63\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4e1a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u65b0\u7eaa\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5(1919&#8211;1925\u5e74)\u9b4f\u739b\u65f6\u671f<br \/>\n\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\uff08Walter Gropius,1883-1969)\u4efb\u6821\u957f\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65b0\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u80a9\u8d1f\u8d77\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bb6\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u7684\u795e\u5723\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u4ed6\u5e7f\u62db\u8d24\u80fd\uff0c\u8058\u4efb\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4e0e\u624b\u5de5\u5320\u5e08\u6388\u8bfe\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u827a\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u624b\u5de5\u5236\u4f5c\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5(1925-1932\u5e74)\u8fea\u7d22\u65f6\u671f<br \/>\n\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u8fea\u7d22\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5236\u4f5c\u6559\u5b66\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4f18\u5f02\u6210\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u662f\u5176\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u671f\u30021928\u5e74\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u8f9e\u53bb\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6821\u957f\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u7531\u5efa\u7b51\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6c49\u5185\u65af\u00b7\u8fc8\u8036(HannesMeyer\uff0c1889-1954)\u7ee7\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u5c06\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6269\u5927\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u6fc0\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6700\u540e\u8fc8\u8036\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e8e1930\u5e74\u8f9e\u804c\u79bb\u4efb\uff0c\u7531\u7c73\u65af\u00b7\u51e1\u00b7\u5fb7\u6d1b(Mies Van de Rohe,1886-1969)\u7ee7\u4efb\u3002\u63a5\u4efb\u7684\u7c73\u65af\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u7eb3\u7cb9\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u7aed\u5c3d\u5168\u529b\u7ef4\u6301\u7740\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u8fd0\u8f6c\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u57281932\u5e7410\u6708\u7eb3\u7cb9\u515a\u5360\u636e\u8fea\u7d22\u540e\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u5173\u95ed\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u3002<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5(1932-1933\u5e74)\u67cf\u6797\u65f6\u671f<br \/>\n\u7c73\u65af\u00b7\u51e1\u00b7\u5fb7\u6d1b\u5c06\u5b66\u6821\u8fc1\u81f3\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u5e9f\u5f03\u7684\u529e\u516c\u697c\u4e2d\u8bd5\u56fe\u91cd\u6574\u65d7\u9f13\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7cbe\u795e\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6240\u4e0d\u5bb9\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u521a\u521a\u4e8e1933\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u7eb3\u7cb9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u7c73\u65af\u7ec8\u4e8e\u56de\u5929\u65e0\u529b\uff0c\u4e8e\u8be5\u5e748\u6708\u5ba3\u5e03\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6c38\u4e45\u5173\u95ed\u30021933\u5e7411\u6708\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u88ab\u5c01\u95ed\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7ed3\u675f\u517614\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\u67cf\u6797\u65f6\u671f\u4ec5\u67096\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u65b0\u6821\u820d <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1925\u5e744\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u5728\u5c0f\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u8fea\u7d22\u5e02\u5f00\u5b66\u3002\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u3001\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u201c\u5ba3\u8a00\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eb2\u81ea\u4ee5\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u539f\u5219\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u8fea\u7d22\u65b0\u6821\u820d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5ea7\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u6559\u5ba4\u3001\u5b9e\u4e60\u8f66\u95f4\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u5bbf\u820d\u7b49\u88ab\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u98ce\u8f66\u5f62\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u5916\u578b\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5404\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9ad8\u4f4e\u9519\u843d\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u5f62\u4f53\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u5feb\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u88c5\u9970\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8981\u8857\u9053\u7684\u5b9e\u4e60\u8f66\u95f4\u4e3a\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u88c5\u6709\u673a\u68b0\u5f00\u7a97\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u5e55\u5899\uff0c\u6df1\u7070\u8272\u5c71\u5899\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e66\u201dBauhaus\u201d\u4e03\u4e2a\u7ad6\u6392\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u5168\u90e8\u4e3a\u767d\u8272\u7c89\u5899\u52a0\u9ed1\u8272\u94a2\u6846\u7a97\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u5185\u90e8\u5e03\u7f6e\u7740\u5e03\u52b3\u8036\u5c14(MarcelBreuer)\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u94a2\u7ba1\u76ae\u9762\u5bb6\u5177\u3002\u94a2\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u90fd\u662f\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u9020\u578b\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u767d\u8272\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u88c5\u9970\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u7b80\u6734\u7684\u4f53\u5757\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ec4\u6210\u8868\u9762\u8d77\u4f0f\u548c\u51f9\u51f8\uff0c\u5bcc\u6709\u8282\u594f\u611f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5efa\u7b51\u4e5f\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u9020\u4ef7\uff0c20\u7f8e\u5206\/\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u5c3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u89c2\u5ff5\u662f\u5148\u8003\u8651\u5916\u89c2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u585e\u8fdb\u5916\u58f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u5148\u5916\u540e\u5185\u201d\u3002\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u5219\u662f\u201c\u5148\u5185\u540e\u5916\u201d\uff0c\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ec4\u6210\u5408\u7406\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u5916\u89c2\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u5916\u5f62\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f20\u7edf\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u5bf9\u79f0\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u91c7\u53d6\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u591a\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u591a\u4f53\u91cf\u3001\u591a\u8f74\u7ebf\u3001\u591a\u901a\u9053\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u9519\u843d\u6709\u81f4\u3001\u7eb5\u6a2a\u4ea4\u9519\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u751f\u52a8\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6548\u679c\u3002<br \/>\n\u65b0\u5efa\u7b51\u91c7\u7528\u6846\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5899\u4f53\u8131\u79bb\u627f\u91cd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u7a97\u6237\u7684\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7a97\u6237\u6210\u4e3a\u7ec4\u6210\u5916\u89c2\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7a97\u6237\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u51e0\u4f55\u79e9\u5e8f\u662f\u65b0\u5efa\u7b51\u6700\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6559\u5b66\uff1a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u9488\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u6765\u6240\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5927\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u201c\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5cd9\u201d\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u65b0\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6559\u80b2\u6ce8\u91cd\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u7efc\u5408\u521b\u9020\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7d20\u8d28\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u3002<br \/>\n\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u504f\u91cd\u4e8e\u827a\u672f\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u4f20\u6388\uff0c\u5982\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u524d\u8eab\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u8bbe\u6709\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u548c\u88c5\u9970\u4e09\u7c7b\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u662f\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u800c\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u662f\u827a\u672f\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4e3a\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u65b0\u8054\u5408\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e09\u5927\u6784\u6210\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bfe\u3001\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f\u8bfe\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bfe\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u8bfe\u53ca\u4e0e\u5efa\u7b51\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u8bfe\u7b49\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u5927\u6279\u65e2\u6709\u7f8e\u672f\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u53c8\u6709\u79d1\u6280\u5e94\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u3002<br \/>\n\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u6539\u9769\u662f\u5bf9\u4e3b\u5bb0\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u4f20\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5de5\u5382\u5b66\u5f92\u5236\u201d\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u5386\u65f6\u4e09\u5e74\u534a\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u534a\u5e74\u662f\u9884\u79d1\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u9020\u578b\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6750\u6599\u7814\u7a76\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de5\u5382\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4e60\u201d\u4e09\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u7279\u957f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u5165\u540e\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u5b66\u5f92\u5236\u201d\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5408\u683c\u8005\u53d1\u7ed9\u201c\u6280\u5de5\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bc1\u4e66\u201d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u953b\u70bc\uff08\u5b9e\u4e60\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u5f02\u8005\u8fdb\u5165\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u201d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65b9\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6587\u51ed\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\u4e0d\u4ee5\u201c\u8001\u5e08\u201d\u201c\u5b66\u751f\u201d\u4e92\u76f8\u79f0\u547c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e92\u79f0\u201c\u5e08\u5085\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6280\u5de5\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5b66\u5f92\u201d\u3002\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u65e2\u5408\u4e4e\u529f\u80fd\u53c8\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3&#8211;\u8fd9\u662f\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5176\u6559\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u53d8\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u7528\u6307\u5bfc<\/p>\n<p>\u6750\u6599\u7814\u7a76<br \/>\n\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u5f0f\u6307\u5bfc<\/p>\n<p>\u89c2\u5bdf\u8bfe\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76<br \/>\n\u7ed8\u753b\u8bfe\uff1a\u51e0\u4f55\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec3\u4e60\u3001\u5236\u56fe\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u5236\u4f5c<br \/>\n\u6784\u6210\u8bfe\uff1a\u4f53\u79ef\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6700\u521d\u7531\u4e00\u4f4d\u9020\u578b\u6559\u5e08\u4e0e\u4e00\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u6559\u5e08\u5171\u540c\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4f20\u6388\u7f8e\u672f\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53c8\u4f20\u6388\u6280\u827a\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u8d2f\u5f7b\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b66\u9662\u5185\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4f9b\u5404\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4e60\u6240\u7528\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u8bfe\u5802\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8f66\u95f4\uff1a<br \/>\n\u7f16\u7ec7\u5de5\u5382\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u548c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7f16\u7ec7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u4e3b<br \/>\n\u9676\u74f7\u5de5\u5382\uff1a\u4ee5\u8ddd\u79bb\u9b4f\u739b20\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5510\u5821\u9676\u74f7\u5de5\u5382\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4e60\u5de5\u5382<br \/>\n\u6728\u5de5\u5de5\u5382\uff1a\u8be5\u5de5\u5382\u4ea7\u54c1\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u7ed3\u6784<br \/>\n\u91d1\u5de5\u5de5\u5382\uff1a1925\u5e74\u8fc1\u5f80\u8fea\u7d22\u540e\u6210\u7acb<br \/>\n\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u5382\uff1a1925\u5e74\u8fc1\u5f80\u8fea\u7d22\u540e\u6210\u7acb<\/p>\n<p>\u5e08\u8d44<br \/>\n\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u4e2d\uff0c\u5eb7\u5b9a\u65af\u57fa(Wa-ssily Kandinsky)\u3001\u6559\u6388\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u514b\u5229(Paul<br \/>\nKlee)\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d39\u5b81\u683c\u662f\u516c\u8ba4\u768420\u4e16\u7eaa\u7ed8\u753b\u5927\u5e08\u3002\u6784\u6210\u6d3e\u6210\u5458\u83ab\u970d\u5229\u00b7\u7eb3\u5409(Mo-holyNagy)\u4f7f<br \/>\n\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u7531\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u8f6c\u5411\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u753b\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f0a\u987f\uff0c\u5efa\u7b51\u5bb6\u7c73\u65af\u00b7\u51e1\u00b7\u5fb7\u6d1b\u3001\u6c49\u5185\u65af\u00b7\u8fc8\u8036\u3001\u5bb6\u5177\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u9a6c\u8d5b\u5c14\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u5c14\uff0c\u706f\u5177\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u74e6\u6839\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u90fd\u662f\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u9aa8\u5e72\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u5eb7\u5b9a\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a1\uff09\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\uff1b2\uff09\u5206\u6790\u7ed8\u56fe<br \/>\n\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u514b\u5229\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a1\uff09\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff1b2\uff09\u9020\u578b\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u900f\u89c6\u7684\u7814\u7a76<br \/>\n\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f0a\u987f\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a1\uff09\u81ea\u7136\u7269\u4f53\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b2\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8d28\u611f\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b3\uff09\u53e4\u4ee3\u540d\u753b\u5206\u6790<br \/>\n\u83ab\u970d\u5229\u00b7\u7eb3\u5409\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a1\uff09\u60ac\u4f53\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b2\uff09\u4f53\u79ef\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b3\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u7ec3\u4e60<br \/>\n4\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b5\uff09\u8d28\u611f\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b6\uff09\u94c1\u4e1d\u3001\u6728\u6750\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b7\uff09\u6784\u6210\u53ca\u7ed8\u753b<br \/>\n\u827e\u4f2f\u65af\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a1\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b2\uff09\u7eb8\u9020\u578b\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b3\uff09\u7eb8\u5207\u5272\u9020\u578b\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b4\uff09\u94c1\u677f\u9020\u578b\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b<br \/>\n5\uff09\u94c1\u4e1d\u9020\u578b\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b6\uff09\u9519\u89c6\uff08illusion)\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1b7\uff09\u73bb\u7483\u9020\u578b\u7ec3\u4e60<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u672c\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u8272\u5f69\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u96d5\u5851\u3001\u56fe\u6848\u3001\u6444\u5f71\u7b49<br \/>\n\u5de5\u827a\u57fa\u7840\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u6728\u5de5\u3001\u5bb6\u5177\u3001\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u94a3\u91d1\u5de5\u3001\u7740\u8272\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u7f16\u7ec7\u3001\u58c1\u7eb8\u3001\u5370\u5237\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n\u5176\u5b83\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u5c55\u89c8\u3001\u821e\u53f0\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u3001\u5370\u5237\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n\u5efa\u7b51\u7814\u7a76\u73ed\u7279\u522b\u9009\u4fee\u5de5\u7a0b\u8bfe\u53ca\u5404\u7c7b\u4e13\u9898\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u57fa\u672c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u9020\u578b\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6280\u80fd\u57fa\u7840\u7b49\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b64\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u3002<br \/>\n1927\u5e74\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5efa\u7b51\u7cfb\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u5efa\u7b51\u5bb6\u6c49\u5185\u65af\u00b7\u8fc8\u8036(HannesMeyer\uff0c1889-1954)\u4e3b\u6301\uff0c\u5f00\u8bbe\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u9759\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u5236\u56fe\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u5b66\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u89c4\u5212\u7b49\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u8fea\u7d22\u5e02\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u4f4f\u5b85\u5c0f\u533a\u548c\u4e3a\u67cf\u6797\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u67cf\u8bfa\u5de5\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u6240\u505a\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u5f88\u9ad8\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<br \/>\n\u9274\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5e08\u8d44\uff0c\u4f7f\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5c06\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f8e\u672f\u8bf8\u6d41\u6d3e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5165\u4e86\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u9020\u578b\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8f68\u9053\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f7f\u5f53\u65f6\u5404\u79cd\u9020\u578b\u601d\u6f6e\u5f97\u4ee5\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4fc3\u6210\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u65f6\u4eba\u6240\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ed8\u753b\u540e\u9762\u7684\u65b0\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u65b0\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a2\u7d22\u6700\u65e9\u59cb\u4e8e\u7efc\u5408\u7acb\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u81f3\u4e0a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u8377\u5170\u98ce\u683c\u6d3e\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u662f\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u6574\u7406\u63d0\u9ad8\u6210\u5177\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u9020\u578b\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6027\u8457\u4f5c&#8211;\u83ab\u970d\u5229\u00b7\u7eb3\u5409(Mo-holyNagy)\u7684\u300a\u6839\u636e\u6750\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u7b51\u300b\u3001\u300a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u300b\u7b49\u7cfb\u5217\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u83ab\u970d\u5229\u00b7\u7eb3\u5409\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5f97\u4ee5\u65bd\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u6784\u7b51\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u9020\u578b\u6559\u6750\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5c06\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u88ab\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u6709\u5f62\u6709\u8272\u5730\u751f\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\u6240\u5305\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f62\u548c\u8272\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u800c\u5524\u8d77\u5404\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\u548c\u5fc3\u60c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ece\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u5e95\u91cc\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6c42\u5f97\u67d0\u79cd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u8fdc\u5927\u3001\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u7edf\u4e00<br \/>\n\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ea7\u54c1<br \/>\n\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u539f\u5219\u6765\u8fdb\u884c<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u601d\u60f3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\u548c\u8fdc\u5927\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5ba3\u8a00<br \/>\n\u201c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u662f\u89c6\u89c9\u827a\u672f\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u662f\u7f8e\u5316\u5efa\u7b51\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u5b64\u7acb\u5730\u751f\u5b58\u7740\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u89c9\uff0c\u5e76\u548c\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u5e08\u5171\u540c\u594b\u6597\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u4ee5\u81ea\u6551\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u5bb6\u3001\u753b\u5bb6\u548c\u96d5\u5851\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e00\u5e62\u5efa\u7b51\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u7f8e\u611f\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u704c\u6ce8\u5165\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u8ff7\u5931\u6d41\u843d\u4e3a\u2018\u6c99\u9f99\u827a\u672f\u2019\u2026\u2026<br \/>\n\u5efa\u7b51\u5bb6\u3001\u96d5\u523b\u5bb6\u548c\u753b\u5bb6\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u8f6c\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u827a\u672f\u2026\u2026<br \/>\n\u827a\u672f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u804c\u4e1a\u3002\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u548c\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u5e08\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u533a\u522b\u3002\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f97\u610f\u5fd8\u5f62\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u5e08\u3002\u5728\u7075\u611f\u51fa\u73b0\u5e76\u8d85\u51fa\u4e2a\u4eba\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u73cd\u8d35\u7247\u523b\uff0c\u4e0a\u82cd\u7684\u6069\u8d50\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u827a\u672f\u7684\u82b1\u6735\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u719f\u7ec3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u521b\u9020\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5373\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u2026\u2026<br \/>\n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bb6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u79cd\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u5e08\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u6811\u7acb\u8d77\u81ea\u5927\u969c\u58c1\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u9636\u7ea7\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u5e62\u5c06\u5efa\u7b51\u3001\u96d5\u523b\u548c\u7ed8\u753b\u7ed3\u5408\u6210\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u672a\u6765\u6bbf\u5802\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5e72\u767e\u4e07\u827a\u672f\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u53cc\u624b\u76f8\u4e4b\u77d7\u7acb\u5728\u4e91\u9704\u9ad8\u5904\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u9c9c\u660e\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n\u5ba3\u8a00\u753136\u5c81\u7684\u683c\u7f57\u4f69\u65af\u6267\u7b14\uff0c\u6249\u9875\u4e0a\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u4e3b\u4e49\u7248\u753b\u5bb6\u8d39\u5b81\u683c\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u661f\u5149\u7167\u8000\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u5230\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u548c\u51e1\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u7ef4\u5c14\u5fb7\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5bf9\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u601d\u60f3\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5927\u52a8\u8361\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5fb7\u6cd5\u4e24\u56fd\u6210\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u6700\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u3001\u5bc6\u65af\u00b7\u51e1\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u7f57\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u52d2\u00b7\u67ef\u5e03\u897f\u8036\uff08Le-Corbusier)\u4e09\u4eba\u662f\u4e3b\u5f20\u5168\u9762\u6539\u9769\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u30021919\u5e74\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u521b\u7acb\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u6821\u201c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u201c\uff0c\u572820\u5e74\u4ee3\u6210\u4e3a\u5efa\u7b51\u548c\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u5fc3\u30021923\u5e74\u52d2\u00b7\u67ef\u5e03\u897f\u8036\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8d70\u5411\u65b0\u5efa\u7b51\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u30021927\u5e74\u5728\u7c73\u65af\u4e3b\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u65af\u56fe\u52a0\u7279\u5e02\u4e3e\u529e\u5c55\u793a\u65b0\u578b\u4f4f\u5b85\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5c55\u89c8\u4f1a\u30021928\u5e74\u5404\u56fd\u65b0\u6d3e\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u56fd\u9645\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u4f1a\u8bae\u201c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u523020\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u65e8\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u7b51\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7406\u8bba\u6e10\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u3002<br \/>\n\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u672c\u8eab\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u79cd\u6d41\u6d3e\uff0c\u5404\u5bb6\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u5404\u6709\u7279\u8272\u3002\u4f46\u4ece20\u5e74\u4ee3\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\uff0c\u52d2\u00b7\u67ef\u5e03\u897f\u8036\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff1a<br \/>\n\u4e00\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u5efa\u7b51\u968f\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u5e94\u540c\u5de5\u4e1a\u65f6\u4ee3\u76f8\u9002\u5e94<br \/>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u5e94\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898<br \/>\n\u4e09\u3001\u4e3b\u5f20\u79ef\u6781\u91c7\u7528\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u3001\u65b0\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5efa\u7b51\u6280\u672f\u9769\u65b0<br \/>\n\u56db\u3001\u4e3b\u5f20\u575a\u51b3\u6446\u8131\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5efa\u7b51\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u653e\u624b\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u5efa\u7b51<br \/>\n\u4e94\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u5efa\u7b51\u7f8e\u5b66\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u98ce\u683c<br \/>\n\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\uff08Modernism\uff09\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bf8\u591a\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u572850\uff5e60\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002\u201c\u56fd\u9645\u98ce\u683c\u201c\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u5f00\u62d3\u673a\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u6000\u6709\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u5ff1\u201c\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u529f\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u4e0d\u8bb2\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272\u3001\u4e2a\u6027\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u7eaf\u7cb9\u3001\u53cd\u5bf9\u88c5\u9970\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u56fd\u9645\u8bed\u8a00\u9010\u6e10\u63a8\u5411\u7406\u6027\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4f7f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u7ec8\u8d70\u5411\u4e86\u6781\u7aef\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u6839\u6e90\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u7b51\u539f\u5219\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u548c\u521b\u4f5c\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e0d\u65ad\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u76f8\u7ee7\u51fa\u73b0\u8bf8\u5982\uff1a\u5355\u7eaf\u53cd\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u590d\u53e4\u7684\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u751a\u81f3\u65b0\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u5145\u5206\u5766\u9732\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u591a\u79cd\u673a\u7535\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u672c\u6765\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u9ad8\u6280\u672f\u6d3e\uff1b\u548c\u7406\u6027\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ca\u53cd\u6784\u6210\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u7b49\u5efa\u7b51\u601d\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0a\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e5f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5ba1\u7f8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6ca1\u6709\u6781\u81f4\u548c\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u65d7\u624b\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u5728\u300a\u5168\u9762\u5efa\u7b51\u89c2\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff1a \u201c\u5386\u53f2\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7f8e\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u968f\u7740\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u800c\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u8c01\u8981\u662f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u2018\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u7f8e\u2019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u9677\u4e8e\u6a21\u4eff\u548c\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u63a8\u52a8\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u524d\u8fdb\u201d\u3002\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8feb\u5207\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u4eec\u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5ba1\u7f8e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5236\u9020\u5bcc\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f\u7f8e\u611f\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u201c\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u201d&#8211;\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u201c \u672c\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4f9d\u51ed\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u65e2\u6539\u53d8\u4e86<br \/>\n\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53c8\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u201c\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u201c\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u201c\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u63d0\u5021\u521b\u9020\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u201c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6240\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7edf\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u5316\u7684\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u201c\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u628a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5178\u578b\uff0c\u8981\u6062\u590d\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5bb6\u4e00\u9053\u5236\u5bfc\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u73af\u5883\u5177\u6709\u7f8e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u51ed\u4ed6\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u673a\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u5229\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u7f8e\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u88ab\u8feb\u89e3\u6563\u540e\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bb6\u4eec\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6d41\u4ea1\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u745e\u58eb\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u53bb\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u5efa\u7b51\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u5982\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5c45\u7559\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\u53c8\u4e8e1937\u5e74\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4efb\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u5efa\u7b51\u7cfb\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5e03\u9c81\u8036\u6295\u5954\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u5e76\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6267\u884c\u5efa\u7b51\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u7c73\u65af\u00b7\u51e1\u00b7\u5fb7\u6d1b\u6682\u5c45\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c1937\u5e74\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4efb\u6559\u4e8e\u4f0a\u5229\u8bfa\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u9662(1llionis lnstitueeof Technology)\uff0c<br \/>\n\u5e0c\u5c14\u4f2f\u897f\u6469\u548c\u5f7c\u5f97\u6c49\u65af\u7b49\u4e5f\u524d\u5f80\u8be5\u6821\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u514b\u5229\u524d\u5f80\u745e\u58eb\uff0c\u5eb7\u4e01\u65af\u57fa\u524d\u5f80\u5df4\u9ece\u3002\u5df4\u8036\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4efb\u4e00\u5bb6\u5e7f\u544a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u30021937\u5e74\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u83ab\u970d\u5229\u00b7\u7eb3\u5409(Mo-holyNagy)\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u7b79\u5efa\u4e86\u201c\u65b0\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u201d\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f18\u626c\u5fb7\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u540e\u6765\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u9662\uff081nstituteof Design Chicago)\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u53c8\u4e0e\u4f0a\u5229\u8bfa\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u9662\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fbf\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u84ec\u52c3\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002<br \/>\n\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5efa\u6821\u5386\u53f2\u867d\u4ec514\u5e743\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u8fc7520\u4f59\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u673a\u68b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6587\u5316\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u575a\u5b9e\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u529e\u5b66\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u4e00\u6279\u672a\u6765\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e2\u80fd\u8ba4\u6e05\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u5de5\u4e1a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\u548c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u8fd0\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u53bb\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u660e\u7684\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8d23\u4efb\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4e1a\u4e3b\u3002\u201d\u53c8\u5982\u7eb3\u5409\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ea7\u54c1\u201d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5728\u8c03\u548c\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4eba\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u201d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u4e30\u7855\u6210\u679c\u5df2\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u8d70\u5411\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53f2\u548c\u827a\u672f\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5c31\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1.\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u5c06\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u827a\u672f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5b9e\u7528\u827a\u672f\u201d\u622a\u7136\u5206\u5272\u7684\u9648\u8150\u843d\u4f0d\u6559\u80b2\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c<br \/>\n\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u521b\u4f5c\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u60f3\u3002<br \/>\n2.\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5728\u201c\u827a\u672f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5de5\u4e1a\u201d\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u67b6\u6865\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f<br \/>\n\u83b7\u5f97\u65b0\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<br \/>\n3.\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u673a\u68b0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u521b\u9020\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n4.\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u8ba4\u6e05\u4e86\u201c\u6280\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u6388\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u521b\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u53ea\u80fd\u542f\u53d1\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u7acb\u4e0b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002<br \/>\n5.\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6307\u793a\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5df2\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u5374\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u6307\u65a5\u4e3a\u91ce\u86ee\u548c\u50b2\u6162\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53db\u9006\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u5df2\u7528\u201c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u98ce\u683c\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\uff0c\u4f46\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u63d0\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\u5728\u4e8e\u53cd\u5bf9\u628a\u98ce\u683c\u53d8\u6210\u50f5\u6b7b\u7684\u6559\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u5bf9\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u73b0\u4efb\u4e1c\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u7cfb\u535a\u5bfc\u7684\u5f20\u9053\u4e00\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u4e8b\u56fe\u6848\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u3002\u57281991\u5e74\u7248\u7530\u81ea\u79c9\u8457\u300a\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u6982\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u770b\u5230\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002<br \/>\n\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4ee5\u5916\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u6f6e\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u201c\u611f\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7406\u6027\u201d\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u504f\u9887\u3002 19\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u827a\u5bb6\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u5021\u5bfc\u5de5\u827a\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u503c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5927\u751f\u4ea7\u5236\u9020\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u54c1\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u624b\u5de5\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7c97\u7cd9\u7b80\u7565\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ca\u624b\u5de5\u4ea7\u54c1\u5177\u6709\u827a\u672f\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u63d0\u5021\u6062\u590d\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u4eb2\u81ea\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5236\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5177\u3001\u6302\u6bef\u3001\u58c1\u7eb8\uff0c\u88c5\u6f62\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u827a\u672f\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u89c6\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\uff0c\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u611f\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5176\u504f\u9887\u6027\u3002\u548c\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7684\uff0c\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af(Bauhaus)\u662f1919\u5e74\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u9020\u578b\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u8bbe\u5728\u9b4f\u739b\uff0c1925\u5e74\u906d\u53d7\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u800c\u8fc1\u5230\u5fb7\u7ecd\uff0c1932\u5e74\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u6821\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5458\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6d41\u4ea1\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c1938\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u5efa\u7b51\u5bb6\u683c\u7f57\u76ae\u4e4c\u65af\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5341\u5206\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5229\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u5408\u4e4e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4ea7\u54c1\u867d\u7136\u5355\u8c03\u67af\u71e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u673a\u5668\u53ea\u662f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u673a\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u73b0\u4ee3\u6750\u6599\u3001\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\u3001\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u9020\u7f8e\u5b66\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u751f\u6d3b\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u65b0\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\uff0c\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u542f\u8fea\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u60f3\u5f3a\u8c03\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u662f\u4f53\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u662f\u963b\u788d\u673a\u5668\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\uff0c\u5e76\u5ffd\u89c6\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u5176\u504f\u9887\u6027\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u4eb2\u8fd1\u611f\u548c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n\u7530\u81ea\u79c9\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u7f8e\u672f\u6b63\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6216\u827a\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u5f71\u54cd\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u5206\u56fa\u5b88\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u65f6\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u903e\u8d8a\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u7f57\u5f7c\u4e4c\u65af\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/0tao.men\/\u5305\u8c6a\u65af.php\">\u5305\u8c6a\u65af<\/a>\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u201c\u628a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u201c\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u5168\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u201c\u5728\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f0a\u987f\u6559\u6388\u4ee5\u4e1c\u65b9\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8fdb\u6b65\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u6240\u8c13\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u660e\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5341\u5206\u6ce8\u91cd\u542f\u53d1\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u628a\u5b66\u751f\u5206\u4e3a\u503e\u5411\u7cbe\u795e\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u3001\u503e\u5411\u7406\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u3001\u503e\u5411\u771f\u5b9e\u518d\u73b0\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u4e88\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f0a\u987f\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u6211\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u60ca\u4eba\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u201c\u4ee5\u610f\u4e3a\u4e4b\u201c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4f53\u7cfb\u975e\u5e38\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/0tao.men\/%E5%8C%85%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%9A%91%E6%9C%9F%E5%9F%B9%E8%AE%AD%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1.php\">\u5fb7\u56fd\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u6691\u671f\u827a\u672f\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57f9\u8bad\u5b66\u6821\u62db\u751f<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5fb7\u56fd\u9b4f\u739b\u5e02\u7684 \u201c\u516c\u7acb\u5305\u8c6a\u65af\u5b66\u6821\u201d\uff08Staatliches Bauhaus)\u7684\u7b80\u79f0,\u540e\u6539\u79f0\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff08Hoch<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/0tao.men\/?p=356\" title=\"Read more\" target=\"_self\"> &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cultural-news-kulturnachrichten","tag-15"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=356"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/0tao.men\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}